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So poetry, which is in Oxford made
An art, in London only is a trade.
-- John Dryden 1673
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The 22-year old Eliza Fenning was indicted at the Old Bailey for that she, on the 21st day of March, 1815, feloniously and unlawfully did administer to, and cause to be administered to, Orlibar Turner, Robert Gregson Turner and Charlotte Turner, his wife, certain deadly poison - to wit, arsenic - with intent to kill and murder the said persons. The trial was held before the Recorder of London, the principal legal officer of the City.
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Convicted of High Treason, in throwing a Stone at King William IV. at Ascot Races, 19th of June, 1832. His sentence was eventually commuted to transportation for life, and he was sent from this country to Van Diemen's Land.
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Executed at Tyburn, 18th of June, 1701, for the Murder of Peter Wolter, his Fellow-Apprentice. It was remarked that he kept his hand lifted up for a considerable time after the cart was drawn away.
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The church of St Sepulchre, situated close to Newgate, was on the condemned route from that prison to Tyburn. At an early date, the custom of tolling the bell as if for a funeral as the condemned prisoners were passing was established. However, a second custom carried out on the night before the journey to Tyburn, soon established itself.
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John Bellingham, executed for the assassination of the Right Honourable Spencer Perceval, the Prime Minister, by shooting him in the lobby of the the House of Commons, in May, 1812. Spencer Perceval remains the only British Prime Minister to have been assassinated.
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Jack Addison served in both the land and naval services and was a butdher by trade. Becoming involved with a woman of ill repute he "went on the footpad for the maintenance of her." He committed fifty-six Highway Robberies before being apprehended and tried. He was executed at Tyburn in March, 1711.
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A former Governor of Trinidad who was convicted of applying Torture in order to extort Confession from a Girl. He was allowed to Appeal and the subsequent retrial acquitted him. He went on to enjoy a distinguished military career and died leading a charge at the battle of Waterloo.
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Executed at Tyburn, 3rd of February, 1724, for House-breaking, after being warned that the Bellman of St Sepulchre would say his Verses over him. before he quitted Newgate on the day of execution he dressed himself in a shroud, in which he was executed, refusing to wear any other clothes, though the weather was intensely cold.
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Three experienced thieves who were found guilty of a daring robbery, committed by breaking into the house of Sir Robert Ladbroke, an alderman and banker, in the City of London. They were executed at Tyburn on the 3rd of February, 1772.
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Matthew Hendereson was born at North Berwick, in Scotland, where he was educated in the liberal manner customary in that country. He was executed in Oxford Street on the 25th of February, 1746, for murdering his Mistress, Lady Dalrymple, who was angry because he trod on her Toe.
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In 1811, Joseph Moses was convicted by a jury of receiving the Skins of Royal Swans from the Serpentine River, in Hyde Park, knowing them to have been stolen. He was fined and imprisoned.
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George Wych, Thomas Andrews alias Anderton and William Williams, were all three convicted for a series of robberies on the highway after a short trial at the Old Bailey on February 25th 1731. They were hanged in early March.
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He pleaded guilty to murdering one Mary Martin who was found dead in a field near Hoxton; with a piece of Knife sticking in her head, and a Knife under her left Ear. He was found guilty at Newgate on February 25th 1731 and ordered to be hanged in chains.
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Executed before Newgate, 22nd of February, 1809, for taking a False Oath, and thereby obtaining Letters of Administration to the Effects of a Soldier. She unsuccessfully tried to escape the hangman by claiming that she was quick with child.
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A Blackmailer, who took advantage of a vulnerable young man on the streets of London and was convicted of a new species of Highway Robbery, 22nd of February, 1779.
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A Companion of the Highway Man whom King Charles II dubbed Swiftnicks for his Ride to York. Executed 22nd of February, 1681.
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A Hundred Spectators were killed or injured in a Crush at the Execution of these Men before Newgate on the 22nd of February, 1807.
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London's streets have always been crime-ridden. This series presents the tales of some of the individuals convicted of crimes, small and great, at the Middlesex and London assizes, Star Chamber, Court of Aldermen, etc. and their subsequent fate. Tyburn and Newgate are words that are resonant with the extremes of punishment in the 18th and 19th centuries and, naturally, both loom large in the series. However, there will also be articles on some of the more famous crimes in London's more recent history.
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Everyone has heard the horror stories of botched executions with victims running screaming around the scaffold etc. The story of Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, is one of the authentic examples of such horror. Her only crime was that she was the mother of a Cardinal who stood up to Henry VIII.Her screaming ghost is still said to haunt the tower on the anniversary of her death.
Note: Related Reading:
Henry VIII : The King and His Court
Edward IV (Yale English Monarchs Series)
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